目的 :探析推拿治疗小儿便秘的选穴规律,为临床选穴提供依据。方法 :检索中国学术期刊全文数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库、万方学术期刊全文数据库3个文献数据库,收集推拿治疗小儿便秘的文献,对推拿治疗小儿便秘的穴位使用频次、种类、分布进行统计分析。结果:共筛选出推拿治疗小儿便秘文献49篇,处方86首,包含穴位43个,穴位使用总频次702次。使用的高频穴位(使用频率5%以上)有大肠(71次,10.11%)、腹(64次,9.12%)、七节骨(61次,8.69%)、脾经(47次,6.70%)、脊(46次,6.55%)、六腑(38次,5.41%)、足三里(37次,5.27%)。43个穴位中特定穴23个,分布于小儿上肢、胸腹和腰背,占穴位总频次的78.34%;非特定穴20个,分布于胸腹、腰背、下肢、上肢及头面部,占总频次的21.64%。使用穴位种类12类,其中通便类穴位使用最多(7个),使用频次199次;其次是补益类穴位(7个),使用频次165次。结论:推拿治疗小儿便秘选穴以大肠、腹、七节骨、脾经、脊、六腑、足三里最为常见,可作为推拿治疗小儿便秘的基础方;穴位种类以通便类、补益类、消食化滞类为主;穴位分布以上肢和腰背部居多。

Objective:To analyze the regularity of point selection in treatment of constipation in children by Tuina,so as to provide reference for clinical point selection. Methods:The full text database of Chinese academic periodicals,full text database of Chinese sci-tech periodicals and full text database of Wanfang academic periodicals were retrieved to collect the literature on treatment of constipation in children by Tuina,and the frequency,type and distribution of the points used in the treatment of constipation in children by Tuina were analyzed. Results:A total of 49 articles were obtained from the database,including 86 prescriptions and 43 points. The total frequency of the points used in the treatment was 702 times. The points used with high frequency(above 5%) were large intestine(71 times,10.11%),abdomen(64 times,9.12%),Qijiegu(61 times,8.69%),spleen meridian(47 times,6.70%),spine(46 times,6.55%),Liufu(38 times,5.41%) and Zusanli(37 times,5.27%). In the 43 points,23 were specific points which distributed in the children's upper limbs,chest,abdomen and back of the waist,accounting for 78.34% of the total frequency of the points. The other 20 points were not specific points which distributed in the chest,abdomen,back of the waist,lower limbs,upper limbs,head and face,accounting for 21.64% of the total frequency. There were 12 kinds of points. Among them,the most commonly used were laxative(7 points,199 times) and replenishing(7 points,165 times) points. Conclusion:The most commonly used points in the treatment of constipation in children with Tuian are large intestine,abdomen,Qijiegu,spleen meridian,spine,Liufu and Zusanli. These points can be used to form the basic prescriptions for treating constipation in children. As to points type,there were points for promoting bowel movement,for tonifying and for promoting digestion. The points mainly distributed in the upper limbs and the back of the waist.