目的:探讨高血压肾损害患者的证候要素组合规律,为规范化诊疗提供客观数据。方法:收集120例高血压肾损害患者的临床资料,使用SPSS软件对基本资料、证候要素分布进行统计分析。结果:本研究入组患者,男66例,女54例,男女比例1.22∶1;最大年89岁,最小年47岁,平均(64.40±10.39)岁;年60岁以上者为高血压肾损害的主要发病人群,占70.83%;高血压病史最短5年,最长40年,平均(12.2±8.65)年。虚性证候要素主要由气虚、阴虚和阳虚构成,其中气虚证素的患者例数最多,共100例占83.33%;实性证候要素主要由血瘀、湿热、肝火(阳)和痰浊构成,其中血瘀证素的患者例数最多,共67例占55.83%。所有病例中,单一证素患者最少,仅4例占3.33%;双证素患者最多,为63例占52.50%;三证素患者共53例占44.27%。结论:气虚血瘀为高血压肾损害的基本病机,对本病的规范化诊疗具有重要意义。

Objective:To explore the combination rule of syndrome elements in hypertensive patients with renal damage,and to provide objective data for standardized diagnosis and treatment. Methods:The clinical data of 120 patients with hypertensive renal damage were collected,and the basic data and syndrome factor distribution were statistically analyzed by using SPSS software. Results:There were 66 male patients and 54 female patients with a male-female ratio of 1.22∶1. The average age of the patients was 64.40±10.39 years old,of which the maximum age was 89 years old and the minimum age was 47 years old. The elderly over 60 years old were the main incidence of hypertensive renal damage,accounting for 70.83%. The history of hypertension ranged from 5 years to 40 years,with an average of(12.2±8.65) years. Deficiency syndrome elements were mainly composed of qi deficiency,yin deficiency and yang deficiency,of which the number of patients with qi deficiency syndrome element was the largest,which was a total of 100 cases,accounting for 83.33%. Excessive syndrome elements were mostly composed of blood stasis,damp heat,liver fire(yang) and phlegm turbidity,of which the number of patients with blood stasis syndrome element was the largest,which was a total of 67 cases,accounting for 55.83%. In all cases,the number of patients with single syndrome element was the least;the number of patients with double syndrome elements was the most,which was a total of 63 cases,accounting for 52.5%. There were 53 patients with three syndrome factors,accounting for 44.27%. Conclusion:Qi deficiency and blood stasis are the basic pathogenesis of hypertensive renal damage. It is of great significance to the standardized diagnosis and treatment of this disease.