目的:观察补骨脂中主要活性成分对睾酮诱导的小鼠前列腺增生的抑制作用。方法:用75%乙醇作为溶剂提取补骨脂有效成分,并对其进行分离纯化,得到纯度较高的补骨脂素、异补骨脂素、补骨脂酚和补骨脂甲、乙素混合物(补骨脂黄酮类)。适应性喂养后将小鼠按体质量均衡和随机原则分为8组(空白对照组,模型组,癃闭舒组,75%乙醇提取物组,补骨脂素组,异补骨脂素组,补骨脂酚组,补骨脂甲、乙素混合物组),每组12只,除空白对照组外,其他各组均以丙酸睾酮造模,同时各补骨脂成分给药组按照相当于补骨脂原药材3.4 g/(kg·d)的剂量灌胃,癃闭舒组按胶囊内容物0.6 g/(kg·d)的剂量灌胃,空白对照组及模型组灌胃等比例的0.02%羧甲基纤维素钠水溶液。连续给药28 d,第29天脱颈处死小鼠,观察前列腺形态,计算前列腺系数,制备并观察前列腺组织病理切片。结果:补骨脂甲、乙素混合物组小鼠的前列腺与模型组小鼠相比,体积较小,多为深红色,切面蜂窝状程度减轻,内部分泌液较少,接近饱满;其他用药组小鼠的前列腺形态与模型组小鼠相比无明显差异。癃闭舒组、75%乙醇提取物组、异补骨脂素组及补骨脂甲、乙素混合物组小鼠前列腺系数均较模型组小鼠降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),而其彼此间的治疗效果差异无统计学意义。病理切片显示癃闭舒组、75%乙醇提取物组、异补骨脂素组及补骨脂甲、乙素混合物组前列腺增生明显减轻,上皮细胞层变薄,细胞体积明显减小,腺上皮乳头状凸起明显减少。结论:补骨脂的黄酮类成分(补骨脂甲、乙素)、异补骨脂素具有抗前列腺增生作用,黄酮类成分作用更为明显。

Objective:To observe the inhibitory effect of major active ingredients in Buguzhi(Psoraleae Fructus) on the prostatic hyperplasia induced by testosterone in mice. Methods:The active ingredients of Buguzhi were extracted with 75% ethanol as the solvent and purified,to obtain psoralen,isopsoralen,bakuchiol and the mixture of psoralen a and b(psoralen flavones) with high purity. After adaptive feeding,the mice were randomly divided into 8 groups according to the body mass(normal group,model group,Longbishu group,75% ethanol extract group,psoralen group,isopsoralen group,bakuchiol group,the mixture of psoralen a and b group),12 mice in each group. Except for the normal group,the other groups were treated with testosterone propionate. Meanwhile,other Buguzhi groups were treated by gavage of Buguzhi raw medicinal materials equivalent to 3.4 g/(kg·d),Longbishu group was treated by gavage of Longbishu(癃闭舒) equivalent to 0.6 g/(kg·d) of the capsule content,normal group and model group were treated by gavage of 0.02% aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The gavage lasted for 28 days.On the 29 th day,the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation,the prostate was observed,the prostate index was calculated,and the prostate tissue were prepared for pathological examination. Results:Compared with the model group,mice in the mixture of psoralen a and b group had smaller prostate volumemost,most of which were dark red,with less honeycomb on the section and less internal secretions,with full size.There was no significant difference on the condition of prostate between the model group and other groups.The mice prostate indexes of Longbishu group,75% ethanol extract group,isopsoralen group and mixture of psoralen a and b group were lower than that in the model group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),but without statistical significance on the efficacy between each goup. Pathological sections showed that in the Longbishu group,75% ethanol extract group,isopsoralen group and mixture of psoralen a and b group,prostatic hyperplasia was significantly reduced,the epithelial cell layer thinner,the cell volume significantly reduced,and the nipple-shaped protuberance of glandular epithelium significantly reduced. Conclusion:The flavonoids of Buguzhi (psoralen a,b) and isopsoralen have the effect of anti-prostatic hyperplasia, and the effect of flavonoid constituent is more obvious.