目的:探讨支气管哮喘慢性持续期患者中医证素分布规律,评估并比较其生命质量差异,为临床辨证论治提供参考依据。方法:采用回顾性病例调查,纳入199例门诊哮喘患者,运用描述性分析和方差分析等统计学方法,总结哮喘慢性持续期门诊患者的中医证素规律,并比较其生命质量差异。结果:199个病例提取的11个证素中,病性证素以寒频率最高(23.6%),其次为热(21.8%)、风(20.5%)、湿(13.7%)、痰(11.4%)、燥(9.1%),病位证素以表频率最高(30.2%),其次为肺(27.1%)、肝(18.1%)、肾(17.1%)、脾(7.5%);证素组合形式共三种,为二证素、三证素、四证素组合,以三证素组合(55.3%)最多;病位不同的患者生命质量评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),病位在肺的患者生命质量评分最高,病位在肾的最低。结论:支气管哮喘慢性持续期患者以表、肺为主要病位,寒、热、风等病性证素错杂相间,病机复杂,伤及于肾时生命质量最差。

Objective:To explore the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) pattern distribution law of patients with chronic persistent bronchial asthma,and to evaluate and compare the life quality of patients so as to provide a reference for clinical syndrome. Methods:Retrospective study was carried out and199 patients with chronic persistent bronchial asthma were included. Descriptive analysis and variance analysis were applied to summarize the TCM pattern distribution law in the clinical patients,and the life quality of patients was evaluated and compared. Results:There were 11 TCM pattern elements extracted from 199 cases. In the pattern elements of disease character,cold was of the highest frequency(23.6%),followed by fever(21.8%),wind(20.5%),dampness(13.7%),phlegm(11.4%) and dryness(9.1%). In the pattern elements of disease location,surface was of the highest frequency(30.2%),followed by lung(27.1%),liver(18.1%),kidney(17.1%) and spleen(7.5%);There are three combinations of pattern elements,namely,double pattern elements,triple pattern elements,quadruple pattern elements,in which triple pattern elements was of the highest frequency(55.3%). There were differences between the patients of different disease location on the scores of life quality,with statistical difference(P< 0.05). Patients with disease location of lung was of the highest life quality while these with disease location of kidney was of the lowest. Conclusion:In the patients with chronic persistent bronchial asthma,disease location of lung is predominant. Patients also affected by cold,heat,wind and other pattern elements and therefore the disease mechanism is complicated. When the disease affects the kidney,life quality will become the lowest.